Use quotation marks for direct quotes under 40 words
Include the author’s last name, year, and page number in the citation
Place the citation after the quote before the period
Use a block quote for 40 words or more
Start a block quote on a new line
Indent the entire block quote 0.5 inches from the left margin
Do not use quotation marks for block quotes
Place the citation after the final punctuation of the block quote
If the author is named in the sentence, include only the year and page number in parentheses
If no page number is available, use a paragraph number, section heading, or other locator
Keep the quote exactly as written
Use brackets to add or change words for clarity
Use ellipses to show omitted words
Use double quotation marks for quoted material within a quote
Cite every direct quote in the paper