Use the author’s last name and publication year in in-text citations
Place the citation in parentheses at the end of the sentence or after the quoted material
For a direct quote, include the page number
Use “and” in narrative citations and “&” in parenthetical citations
For two authors, list both names every time
For three or more authors, use the first author’s last name followed by “et al.”
Include a reference list at the end of the document
Alphabetize the reference list by the first author’s last name
Use a hanging indent for each reference entry
Format book references with author, year, title in italics, and publisher
Format journal article references with author, year, article title, journal title in italics, volume number in italics, issue number in parentheses, page range, and DOI if available
Format website references with author or organization, date, page title, site name if needed, and URL
Italicize book titles, journal titles, and volume numbers
Capitalize only the first word of titles and subtitles, and proper nouns
Include the DOI as a clickable link when available
Match every in-text citation to a reference list entry
Do not include sources in the reference list that are not cited in the text