Remove loose rust with a wire brush, steel wool, or abrasive pad
Wash cast iron with hot water and dish soap; rinse thoroughly
Dry completely (heat on stove or in a low oven until fully dry)
Choose one method:
Vinegar soak: Submerge in white vinegar for 4–24 hours; scrub; rinse; dry completely; immediately oil
Baking soda paste: Mix baking soda with water to form a paste; apply; scrub; rinse; dry completely; immediately oil
Evaporation method: Heat in a self-cleaning oven until rust/old residue flakes off; cool; brush; immediately oil
Electrolysis: Use a rust-removal tank with a suitable charger and electrolyte; remove, rinse, dry completely; immediately oil
For stubborn pitting, repeat the chosen method until rust is removed
Apply a thin coat of cooking oil or seasoning oil to all surfaces
Season:
Preheat oven to 450–500°F (232–260°C)
Bake cast iron upside down for 1 hour
Turn off oven; let cool in oven
Repeat 2–3 times for better coverage
If rust returns quickly, re-clean and re-season; ensure the piece is fully dry after washing
Store dry (use a dry paper towel or keep in a low-humidity area)