Spay or neuter the cat
Have a veterinarian check for urinary tract infection, bladder pain, or other medical issues
Clean sprayed areas with an enzymatic cleaner
Remove or block access to areas the cat targets
Reduce stress and routine changes
Provide enough litter boxes
Keep litter boxes clean
Use unscented litter
Place litter boxes in quiet, accessible locations
Identify and reduce territorial triggers from other cats
Block visual access to outdoor cats
Use pheromone diffusers or sprays
Increase play and enrichment
Feed and interact on a consistent schedule
Avoid punishment
Consult a veterinarian or cat behaviorist if spraying continues