Wear gloves and eye protection
Remove loose rust with a wire brush, steel wool, or sandpaper
Apply white vinegar or lemon juice to the rusted area
Let it sit for several hours
Scrub the rust again with a brush or abrasive pad
Rinse and dry the metal completely
Use baking soda and water paste for light rust
Apply a commercial rust remover for stubborn rust
Sand the surface with fine-grit sandpaper if needed
Wipe the metal clean with a dry cloth
Apply primer, paint, oil, or a rust inhibitor to prevent future rust