Do not use human ear drops unless specifically labeled safe for dogs and confirmed by a vet/pharmacist
Check for an ear mite possibility: look for frequent head shaking, dark debris, and intense itching; consider a vet-approved mite treatment only if clearly confirmed
Gently wipe the outer ear canal entrance with a clean cotton pad and dog-safe ear cleanser on the pad (not deep into the canal)
Use a dog-specific ear cleanser (ceruminolytic or drying) and follow the label directions
Keep the ear dry: prevent swimming and wipe moisture after bathing with a clean, dry gauze/cotton
If the ear is inflamed, avoid cleaning more than the label recommends; over-cleaning can worsen irritation
If there is a bad odor, discharge, or thick buildup, use only an ear cleanser designed for infected ears and repeat only as directed on the product label
If you can see a foreign body at the outer entrance, do not dig deeper; stop and seek urgent care
Prevent licking/scratching with an e-collar or cone if needed
Avoid peroxide, alcohol, essential oils, vinegar, and olive oil in the ear canal
Do not use leftover antibiotics or steroid drops not prescribed for your dog
If pain is significant, your dog is very uncomfortable, or you suspect a ruptured eardrum, stop home care and seek a vet
Seek urgent vet care if any of these are present: severe pain, swelling of the ear canal, bleeding, pus-like discharge, foul smell, sudden hearing loss, head tilt, balance problems, facial weakness, no improvement in 48–72 hours, or symptoms keep returning
Consider scheduling a vet visit even if you treat at home, because many ear infections require prescription anti-inflammatory/antibiotic or treatment for underlying allergies/mites
After any treatment, monitor: reduced odor/itching, less head shaking, and cleaner ear discharge within 2–3 days