Start with a broad context for the topic
Narrow the focus to the specific research area
State the problem or gap in existing knowledge
Explain why the topic matters
Present the purpose of the study
State the research question or hypothesis
Briefly mention the approach or method
Define key terms if needed
Highlight the significance or contribution of the paper
Keep the tone clear, formal, and concise
Avoid unnecessary detail
End with a smooth transition to the main body of the paper