Compare the person’s words with known facts
Look for inconsistencies in their story over time
Notice whether details are vague, shifting, or overly rehearsed
Check if their behavior matches the situation
Watch for contradictions between verbal and nonverbal cues
Pay attention to unusual defensiveness or overexplaining
Observe delays before answering simple questions
Notice if they avoid direct answers
Look for changes in tone, pace, or confidence
See whether they repeat the question before answering
Watch for excessive certainty about uncertain events
Compare their account with independent evidence
Look for signs of stress that are out of place
Consider whether they have a motive to deceive
Ask follow-up questions and see if the story stays consistent
Avoid relying on a single gesture, facial expression, or “tell”