Turn off the water supply
Flush the toilet to empty the tank and bowl
Disconnect the water supply line
Remove the toilet bolts
Lift and remove the toilet
Scrape off the old wax ring
Clean the flange area and subfloor
Inspect the drain pipe and flange for damage
Dry-fit the new flange to check fit and height
Position the flange so the bolt slots align correctly
Secure the flange to the floor with corrosion-resistant screws
Use flange spacers or an extender if the flange sits too low
Apply PVC primer and cement if installing a new PVC flange
Attach the flange securely to the drain pipe
Install new closet bolts in the flange slots
Place a new wax ring or wax-free seal on the flange or toilet
Set the toilet carefully over the bolts and flange
Press the toilet down evenly to compress the seal
Tighten the closet nuts evenly
Reconnect the water supply line
Turn on the water supply
Test for leaks around the base and supply connection
Caulk around the toilet base if desired, leaving the back open