Put on gloves and eye protection
Scrub the rust with steel wool, a wire brush, or sandpaper
Apply white vinegar or lemon juice to loosen the rust
Let it sit for a few hours
Scrub the surface again
Rinse and dry the metal completely
Use baking soda and water to neutralize any remaining acid
Apply a rust remover or rust converter if needed
Wipe the metal clean with a cloth
Coat the metal with oil, primer, or paint to prevent new rust