Maintain a healthy body weight
Exercise regularly, but avoid overtraining
Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and healthy fats
Increase intake of zinc, selenium, folate, and antioxidants
Stay hydrated
Get enough sleep
Reduce stress
Avoid smoking
Limit alcohol consumption
Avoid recreational drugs
Avoid anabolic steroids and testosterone use unless prescribed
Keep testicles cool
Avoid tight underwear and prolonged heat exposure
Limit use of saunas, hot tubs, and very hot baths
Reduce exposure to environmental toxins and pesticides
Avoid unnecessary radiation exposure
Treat infections promptly
Manage chronic health conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and thyroid disorders
Review medications with a healthcare professional
Have regular sexual activity
Seek medical evaluation if fertility concerns persist