Schedule a preconception visit with a healthcare professional
Track ovulation (ovulation predictor kits, basal body temperature, cervical mucus, or cycle tracking)
Have intercourse every 1–2 days during the fertile window (often the 5 days before ovulation through ovulation day)
Ensure regular sexual activity throughout the cycle if cycles are irregular
Use lubricants labeled “fertility-friendly” if needed
Take a prenatal vitamin with folic acid (typically 400–800 mcg daily), starting before conception
Maintain a healthy weight through diet and exercise
Avoid smoking and vaping
Avoid or limit alcohol
Avoid recreational drugs
Limit caffeine (commonly recommended to keep it at or below 200 mg/day)
Review medications with a clinician for pregnancy safety
Manage chronic conditions (thyroid disease, diabetes, PCOS, endometriosis, hypertension)
Reduce stress and prioritize sleep
Consider genetic carrier screening if recommended by a clinician
If pregnancy hasn’t occurred:
Seek evaluation after 12 months of trying if age is under 35
Seek evaluation after 6 months of trying if age is 35 or older
Seek earlier evaluation if cycles are very irregular, there is known infertility, or there are history concerns (e.g., endometriosis, pelvic infections)
Consider fertility testing as advised (ovulation assessment, semen analysis, ovarian reserve testing, tubal evaluation, partner hormone evaluation)
Discuss treatment options with a clinician if needed (medications for ovulation induction, timed intercourse, intrauterine insemination, IVF, or other assisted reproduction)
Consider lifestyle adjustments after lab work if abnormalities are found (weight management, medication optimization, targeted treatment for underlying causes)