Swallow, yawn, or chew gum during takeoff and landing
Stay awake during ascent and descent
Use the Valsalva maneuver gently: pinch your nose, close your mouth, and blow softly
Use the Toynbee maneuver: pinch your nose and swallow
Wear filtered earplugs designed for flying
Use a decongestant before flying if approved by your doctor
Use a saline nasal spray before and during the flight
Avoid flying with a bad cold, sinus infection, or severe congestion if possible
Keep your ears clear by staying hydrated
Avoid sleeping during descent if you are prone to ear pain
Ask a doctor about ear drops or other preventive options if you have frequent problems
Do not forcefully blow your nose during the flight
Seek medical advice before flying if you have an ear infection, recent ear surgery, or a perforated eardrum