Choose a safe location away from trees, buildings, and overhanging branches
Clear a circle of flammable material down to bare mineral soil
Keep water and a shovel nearby
Check local fire rules and fire restrictions
Gather dry kindling and firewood (small, medium, larger pieces)
Build a base of tinder (dry grass, dry leaves, or small scraps)
Arrange kindling in a teepee or log-cabin style over the tinder
Leave space for airflow between pieces
Add a few medium pieces once the kindling catches
Add larger logs gradually as the fire stabilizes
Light the tinder in multiple spots if needed
Maintain the fire by feeding it small amounts of wood as it burns down
Avoid using accelerants like gasoline or lighter fluid
Keep the fire attended at all times
Burn only dry, local, untreated wood
To extinguish: spread out burning material and douse with water
Stir the coals thoroughly with a shovel
Douse again until no hissing, smoke, or heat remains
Feel for heat near the ashes with the back of your hand (carefully)
Dispose of ashes only when fully cold
Covering is not a substitute for full extinguishing