Pat tuna steaks dry with paper towels
Season both sides with salt and black pepper
Optional: rub with olive oil and add garlic powder, paprika, or chili flakes
Preheat a skillet (cast iron or stainless) over high heat until very hot
Optional: lightly oil the skillet with a high-smoke-point oil
Place tuna in the pan and sear without moving
Cook 1–2 minutes per side for rare
Cook 2–3 minutes per side for medium-rare
Cook 3–4 minutes per side for medium
Optional: sear edges briefly (10–20 seconds per edge)
Optional: add butter and baste for the last 30–60 seconds
Remove tuna when the center is still slightly translucent (not fully opaque)
Rest 2–3 minutes
Slice against the grain and serve immediately
Optional: finish with lemon juice and chopped herbs