Lower the exposure in your camera settings
Reduce ISO
Use a faster shutter speed
Use a smaller aperture
Enable exposure compensation and set it to a negative value
Turn on highlight warning or histogram display
Shoot in RAW format
Use manual mode for better control
Add an ND filter in bright conditions
Avoid direct harsh light when possible
Edit the photo by reducing highlights and exposure
Recover shadows carefully if needed
Use local adjustments to darken bright areas
Crop or retouch blown-out areas if recovery is not possible