Rinse with warm salt water (1/2 teaspoon salt in 1 cup warm water) 3–4 times daily
Use an over-the-counter oral pain reliever or numbing gel (benzocaine or similar) as directed
Apply protective oral pastes or gels (e.g., hyaluronic acid or protective coatings) as directed
Use OTC mouthwash for mouth ulcers (e.g., hydrogen peroxide–based or other ulcer rinses) as directed
Avoid spicy, acidic, salty, or rough foods until healed
Avoid alcohol-based mouthwashes
Brush gently with a soft toothbrush and use a mild, non-whitening toothpaste
Consider switching to a toothpaste without sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)
Manage stress, improve sleep, and maintain good hydration
Ensure adequate intake of vitamin B12, folate, iron, and zinc (consider supplements if you’re deficient)
Avoid known triggers (certain foods, injury from braces/teeth, aggressive brushing)
If you have frequent or severe outbreaks, ask a clinician about prescription treatments (topical corticosteroids, medicated mouth rinses, or other therapies)
Seek urgent care if you have fever, worsening swelling, trouble swallowing, spreading redness, or outbreaks that don’t improve within 2 weeks
Get evaluated if canker sores are very frequent, unusually large, or you have a weakened immune system