Hold the bottle upright
Grip the cap firmly
Turn the cap counterclockwise
If it is a flip-top, lift the small tab on the cap
If it is a pump bottle, twist the pump counterclockwise to unlock it
If the cap is stuck, use a dry cloth for better grip
Do not use excessive force
Once opened, remove any inner seal if present
Close the bottle by turning the cap clockwise or pressing the flip-top shut