Start with the author’s last name and first initial
Include the year of publication in parentheses
Add the article title in quotation marks
Write the journal or website name in italics
Include the volume number, issue number, and page range if available
Add the DOI or URL if required
Match the citation style your essay requires
In the essay, use an in-text citation after the referenced idea or quote
For APA, use the author’s last name and year
For MLA, use the author’s last name and page number
For Chicago, use a footnote or endnote if required
List the full reference in the bibliography or works cited page