Check for red flags: fever, vomiting, swollen/bloated belly, severe pain, blood in stool, newborn under 1 month with constipation, or inability to pass gas
Offer more fluids (if age-appropriate): breastfeed more often or give extra formula as directed by your pediatrician
For formula-fed babies: ensure correct formula preparation (not too concentrated)
If baby is older than 6 months: offer small amounts of water in addition to usual feeds
Use age-appropriate fiber foods (if age-appropriate): prunes, pears, peaches, or baby foods made with these
Try prune/pear juice (if age-appropriate): use pediatrician-recommended dose; stop if diarrhea occurs
Perform gentle “bicycle legs” by moving knees toward the belly and back
Do gentle abdominal massage in a clockwise direction
Try a warm bath to relax abdominal muscles
Use a warm compress on the belly briefly
If appropriate for age: consider a rectal glycerin suppository only with pediatrician guidance
Avoid: rectal thermometer, enemas, laxative medicines, adult stool softeners, mineral oil, and honey
Contact a pediatrician urgently if symptoms are severe or not improving within 24–48 hours, or if baby is under 3 months and constipated
Keep a log of stool frequency, stool appearance, feeding type, and any symptoms to share with your pediatrician