Brush teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste
Floss once daily
Clean the tongue daily with a tongue scraper or toothbrush
Rinse with an alcohol-free antibacterial mouthwash
Stay well hydrated
Chew sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva
Avoid tobacco and vaping
Limit foods that worsen odor, such as garlic, onions, and very sugary foods
Treat dry mouth by sipping water and using saliva substitutes if needed
Address constipation with more fiber, fluids, and regular activity
Manage acid reflux if present
Treat sinus infections, postnasal drip, or tonsil stones if present
Get dentures, retainers, or mouthguards cleaned regularly
See a dentist for cavities, gum disease, or trapped food
See a doctor if the odor persists despite good oral hygiene
Seek urgent care if bad breath comes with vomiting, severe abdominal pain, fever, black stools, or trouble swallowing