Wash underarms gently with a mild, fragrance-free cleanser
Exfoliate 1–2 times a week with a gentle chemical exfoliant such as lactic acid or glycolic acid
Avoid harsh scrubbing, loofahs, and abrasive scrubs
Use a deodorant or antiperspirant that is alcohol-free and fragrance-free
Stop shaving with a dull razor; use a clean, sharp razor and shaving gel
Consider waxing or trimming if shaving causes irritation
Moisturize the area daily with a gentle, non-irritating lotion
Wear loose, breathable clothing to reduce friction
Reduce friction from repeated rubbing or tight sleeves
Apply sunscreen to exposed underarms if needed
Treat ingrown hairs and razor bumps promptly
Avoid products that cause burning, itching, or redness
Maintain a healthy weight if excess friction is contributing
Check for insulin resistance, diabetes, or hormonal issues if darkening is persistent
See a dermatologist if the patches are sudden, thick, itchy, painful, or spreading
Use dermatologist-recommended treatments such as azelaic acid, retinoids, or prescription lightening agents if advised