Choose a sunny site with well-drained soil
Prepare soil by digging 12–18 inches deep and mixing in compost
Plant crowns in early spring after the soil is workable
Space crowns 12–18 inches apart in rows 4–6 feet apart
Dig a shallow trench and spread roots downward
Cover crowns with 2–3 inches of soil initially
Water thoroughly after planting
Keep soil evenly moist during establishment
Add more soil gradually as spears grow until the trench is filled
Mulch with 2–3 inches of straw or shredded leaves to suppress weeds and retain moisture
Fertilize in early spring with compost or a balanced fertilizer
Weed regularly, especially during the first year
Control pests and diseases by removing affected spears and improving airflow
Allow ferns to grow for the first 2–3 years to build root strength
Harvest spears starting in year 3 (light harvest in year 2 if desired)
Harvest spears when tips are just starting to open and spears are 6–8 inches tall
Cut spears at ground level using a sharp knife or snapping tool
Stop harvesting when spears thin out or after 6–8 weeks
Water during hot, dry periods to support fern growth
In fall, cut ferns down after they yellow
In spring, remove old mulch and apply fresh mulch
Divide or replace weak crowns if yields decline over time
Protect from winter freeze in colder climates with a thicker mulch layer