Plant in partial shade to full sun (more sun in cooler climates, more shade in hotter climates)
Use well-draining soil rich in organic matter
Keep soil consistently moist; water deeply when the top 1–2 inches (2.5–5 cm) are dry
Mulch 2–4 inches (5–10 cm) deep to retain moisture and moderate soil temperature
Water at the base of the plant; avoid wetting leaves to reduce disease
Use a slow-release, balanced fertilizer in spring (and optionally a second light feeding in early summer for heavy bloomers)
Avoid late-season high-nitrogen feeding to prevent weak, late growth
Prune based on hydrangea type:
For mophead and lacecap (macrophylla): prune lightly after flowering; avoid hard pruning in fall/winter
For oakleaf (quercifolia): prune after flowering as needed
For panicle (paniculata): prune in late winter/early spring or leave for smaller size
For smooth (arborescens): prune in late winter/early spring for best blooms
Remove dead or damaged stems any time as needed
Protect from harsh winter conditions (especially for macrophylla) with mulch and/or burlap wind protection
For bigleaf hydrangeas, protect flower buds by avoiding pruning after late summer
Control weeds by hand or shallow cultivation to avoid disturbing roots
Watch for pests and diseases (aphids, mites, powdery mildew, leaf spot); treat early with appropriate horticultural methods
Deadhead only if your specific type benefits (some bloom on old wood; avoid removing buds before the next season)
Maintain correct soil pH if you want color changes (note: color depends on species/cultivar and aluminum availability)
Ensure adequate spacing for airflow to reduce fungal issues
Monitor for nutrient deficiencies (yellowing leaves, poor growth) and adjust care accordingly