Open your crafting table (2×2 grid)
Place 8 paper in a ring around the center square:
Top row: paper, paper, paper
Middle row: paper, empty, paper
Bottom row: paper, paper, paper
Place a compass in the center square
Move the crafted map into your inventory
Place the map in your off-hand and right-click to expand the map (repeat as needed)
To add markers:
Place the map in item frames for a fixed view
Use a map to create a filled map and add it to an item frame (markers appear when you travel)