Use 100% oxygen through a non-rebreather mask
Take a fast-acting triptan such as sumatriptan or zolmitriptan if prescribed
Use a prescribed intranasal triptan if injections are not available
Sit upright and stay in a quiet, dark room
Apply a cold pack to the painful side of the head or neck
Avoid alcohol during a cluster period
Avoid strong smells, smoke, and other triggers
Keep a regular sleep schedule
Use preventive medicines prescribed by a doctor, such as verapamil, lithium, or corticosteroids
Ask a doctor about nerve blocks or other specialist treatments
Seek urgent medical care if the headache is sudden, unusual, or comes with weakness, confusion, fever, or vision changes