Gather ingredients: potatoes, butter, milk or cream, salt, black pepper
Wash and peel potatoes (optional)
Cut potatoes into even-sized chunks
Place potatoes in a large pot and cover with cold salted water
Bring to a boil, then reduce to a simmer until tender (about 15–20 minutes)
Drain potatoes thoroughly
Return potatoes to the pot and let off-heat steam briefly (optional)
Mash potatoes until smooth (use masher or ricer)
Add butter and mash until melted and incorporated
Gradually add warm milk or cream to reach desired consistency
Season with salt and black pepper to taste
Serve hot