Turn up the volume on your iPhone, iPad, Mac, or other connected device
Open Control Center and raise the volume slider
Make sure the AirPods themselves are not paused or muted by the app you are using
Check that Low Power Mode is off
Turn off Reduce Loud Sounds in Settings > Sounds & Haptics > Headphone Safety
Turn off Sound Check in Settings > Music
Disable EQ settings that lower volume in Settings > Music > EQ
Clean the AirPods speaker grilles
Reconnect the AirPods by putting them back in the case and reconnecting
Forget the AirPods in Bluetooth settings and pair them again
Reset the AirPods
Update the device software
Try using the AirPods with another device
Check the balance settings and make sure audio is centered
Make sure Transparency or Noise Control settings are not affecting perceived volume
Use a volume-boosting setting in the app if available