Mechanical energy = kinetic energy + potential energy
Kinetic energy = 1/2 × mass × velocity²
Gravitational potential energy = mass × gravity × height
Elastic potential energy = 1/2 × spring constant × extension²
Add the relevant kinetic and potential energy values to get total mechanical energy
Use consistent units: mass in kilograms, velocity in meters per second, height in meters, force in newtons, energy in joules
Mechanical energy = 1/2mv² + mgh
Mechanical energy = 1/2mv² + 1/2kx² for a spring system