Measure the roof span, pitch, and overhang
Determine the rafter length using a framing square or rafter table
Mark the plumb cut at the ridge end
Mark the birdsmouth location at the wall plate
Mark the seat cut and heel cut for the birdsmouth
Mark the tail cut for the overhang
Double-check all measurements before cutting
Cut the plumb cut first
Cut the birdsmouth carefully without overcutting
Cut the tail end to length
Test-fit the rafter on the structure
Use the first rafter as a template for the remaining rafters
Repeat the same layout and cuts for each rafter
Wear proper safety gear and secure the lumber before cutting