Measure the change in concentration of a reactant or product over time
Use the formula rate = change in concentration / change in time
For reactants, use rate = -Δ[reactant] / Δt
For products, use rate = Δ[product] / Δt
Determine initial rate from the slope of the concentration-time graph at the start
Determine average rate from the slope between two time points
Use stoichiometric coefficients to relate rates of different substances in the reaction
Track physical properties that change with concentration, such as gas volume, pressure, mass, or color
Use a clock reaction or titration method for reactions that are too fast or too slow to measure directly
Keep temperature, concentration, surface area, and catalyst conditions controlled while measuring rate