Choose the fabric (stable weave) and prepare it (wash, dry, press)
Select thread (matching weight/color) and embroidery needle (appropriate size)
Transfer the design (transfer pen, tracing, transfer paper, or freehand)
Set up a hoop (tighten fabric so it stays smooth)
Thread the needle and tie a knot at the end
Start stitching from the back of the fabric
Use a consistent stitch direction and spacing
Secure thread ends by backstitching a few stitches or weaving the tail to the back
Use these common stitches as needed:
Running stitch
Backstitch
Satin stitch
Stem stitch
French knots
Whip stitch
Blanket stitch
Chain stitch
Keep tension even (thread should lie flat without puckering)
Work along the design lines first, then fill larger areas
Trim excess thread frequently to avoid bulk
Periodically check the front for even coverage
Finish by securing the last thread on the back
Remove the hoop carefully
Trim stray threads and lightly press from the back
Wash or set stitches if required by thread/fabric care instructions
Store finished work flat or rolled with protective tissue