Drink more water throughout the day
Increase fiber intake (fruits, vegetables, beans, whole grains)
Add fiber gradually and consider fiber supplements (psyllium) if needed
Stay physically active (walks, light exercise)
Establish a regular bathroom routine (try after meals)
Don’t ignore the urge to have a bowel movement
Try an osmotic laxative (polyethylene glycol/Miralax) as directed
Consider a stool softener (docusate) if stools are hard
Use a stimulant laxative (senna or bisacodyl) short-term if needed and as directed
Consider glycerin suppositories for short-term relief
Avoid frequent overuse of stimulant laxatives
Review medicines that can cause constipation (opioids, some antidepressants, iron, antacids with calcium/aluminum) and ask a clinician if adjustments are possible
If pregnant, elderly, or have kidney disease or severe medical conditions, talk to a clinician before using laxatives
Seek urgent care if you have severe abdominal pain, vomiting, a swollen belly, blood in stool, black/tarry stool, fever, or inability to pass gas
Seek prompt medical advice if constipation lasts more than 1–2 weeks despite home measures, or if you have unexplained weight loss or new constipation after age 50