Use clean, sharp pruning shears, loppers, or a saw
Remove dead, damaged, or diseased branches first
Cut crossing, rubbing, or inward-growing branches
Prune at the branch collar or just above a healthy bud
Make cuts at a slight angle
Remove no more than one-third of the plant at a time
Thin crowded areas to improve airflow and light
Shape the plant to maintain its natural form
Prune after flowering for spring-blooming plants
Prune in late winter or early spring for many trees and shrubs
Remove suckers and water sprouts
Disinfect tools between plants when needed
Water the plant after pruning if the soil is dry
Dispose of diseased material properly
Wear gloves and protective eyewear