Start seeds indoors 8–10 weeks before the last frost
Use a warm seed-starting mix and keep soil moist
Provide strong light for 12–16 hours daily
Harden off seedlings for 7–10 days before transplanting
Transplant outdoors only after all frost risk has passed
Choose a sunny location with 6–8 hours of direct sunlight
Use well-draining, fertile soil with a pH of 6.0–6.8
Space plants 18–24 inches apart
Mix compost into the planting area before transplanting
Water deeply and consistently
Keep soil evenly moist, not waterlogged
Mulch around plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds
Feed with a balanced fertilizer after transplanting
Avoid excess nitrogen
Stake or cage plants if needed
Remove early flowers only if plants are small and weak
Watch for pests such as aphids, flea beetles, and cutworms
Watch for diseases such as blossom end rot and fungal leaf spots
Harvest peppers when they reach full size and desired color
Use clean scissors or pruners to cut peppers from the plant
Pick regularly to encourage more fruit production